02/02/2023
So, let's wrap this string of overwinter chores up with one I actually do before the ground freezes. That's collect soil samples to be tested.
A soil sample is merely a collection of soil from the planting location. Every co-op/feed/seed dealer I've been to provides soil samples. Most send them to professional labs and get the results back in a couple weeks.
The most user friendly test reports start by asking what the planting will be. They then provide the exact levels of all sorts of stuff in the soils, along with exactly how much lime and fertilizers to apply to hit the planting's sweet spot.
The less user friendly reports merely tell us everything we need to know about what the soil offers. Some of these can be tough for inexperienced to truly understand. Luckily, most any legit co-op/feed/seed dealer is more than willing to interpret the results and tell you exactly what you need of each for the intended crop.
So, how does one collect soil samples? Start with a food grade plastic (I use quart ziplocks) or paper lunch bag and a large spoon (let's just keep all the spoons I've lifted from the silverware drawer to ourselves, please) or small trowel.
At squarish 1/4-1 acre plots, I merely collect samples a handful of yards in off the 4 corners and 1 from the center. On larger plots, I just add a few more centrally located locations.
The goal is to get an average of what the dirt a couple inches under the surface has to offer. So, I want to dig about 3-4" deep (not deeper than roots will reach) and get about a half of a quart of dirt, total, from evenly spaced sampling sites across the plot.
Obviously, we keep each plot to one sample bag, not mixing the soils from different plots. Each plot requires its own test.
My advice is to do a soils test every single year on each plot. If one does so, they WILL save money at offering the best growing conditions pH and fertility allows.
I personally tend to get soils tests done every 2 years, which is nudging the issue further than it should be. That said, even being willing to nudge stuff, when it gets to 3 years, it's a lock I'll be testing the plot, as I find I hit the mark WAY better when I have a clear target to aim at, and doing so also allows me to track stuff like how my organic matter building attempts are progressing (hint: it's slow, but it should consistently be nudging up, not down).
As always, take the good and merely pitch the bad on the way out.