10/29/2026
Can you tell there are two types of maple tree leaves in the picture below? (leaf emoji)
The two leaves on the right are sugar maple, while the two on the left are black maple! How can we tell the difference? In this picture, we can tell because the two leaves on the right have pointer edges than the two on the left. Due to their similarities and the frequent hybridization between the two species, their distinguishing features won't always be present or clear, and there will be considerable variability from tree to tree and leaf to leaf.
What are some of the distinguishing features? Black maple leaves can have three main lobes, droopy margins as if they're suffering drought stress, fuzzy undersides, overlapping lobes at the base of the leaf, and mini-leaves at the base of the stem. Their geographic distribution is similar, however, sugar maple reaches farther north than black maple, while black maple is more suited for drier climates than sugar maple.
Fun fact: Black maple used to be considered the same species as sugar maple, just a different variety. Eventually, it was considered a different species entirely. Today, it is largely considered a subspecies of sugar maple (a group of sugar maples that is genetically different), though some experts still consider them to be separate species.
For more information about the differences between these two maples, check out these helpful sources:
bplant.org - https://bplant.org/compare/93-215
The Morton Arboretum - https://mortonarb.org/plant-and-protect/trees-and-plants/black-maple/