11/05/2025
If you've spent much time in David Crockett State Park, you may have noticed this depression running alongside the road to the park restaurant. But what you may not know is that this depression is a remaining portion of a road used during the Trail of Tears, which passed through Lawrence County on this day in 1838.
The depression in the ground here is the original Waynesboro Turnpike, which was the predecessor of today's Waynesboro Highway. This road was created more than 200 years ago, and it was worn down by many thousands of travelers in wagons, on horseback, and on foot.
On November 5, 1838, this section of road was traveled by Cherokee leader John Bell and a party of almost 700 Cherokee Indians during their forced relocation to Indian Territory as part of the Trail of Tears. Accompanied by a military es**rt commanded by Lieutenant Edward Deas, the party passed through the Square in downtown Lawrenceburg and forded Shoal Creek at Hope Springs.
According to "A Study of the Routes Used During the Cherokee Removal of 1838," by Benjamin C. Nance, "Bell's party consisted of about 650-700 Cherokees who supported the removal treaty and were therefore opposed to John Ross." Bell's party "took a more direct route than did the Ross allied parties, possibly to avoid conflict with those groups, since there was great friction between the two factions."
The Bell Party departed East Tennessee on October 11, 1838. The route they followed is roughly adjacent to modern Highway 64. We know generally where they were and when thanks in large part to the vouchers used by Lieutenant Deas to pay for supplies and medicine along the way.
Although we aren't sure how many people lived in Lawrenceburg in 1838, it is possible that the large, slow-moving group of Native Americans dwarfed the 1838 population of Lawrenceburg as it made its way west around the Square. No doubt it was a sight that few would forget.
Nance's work highlighting which roads were used by the Bell Party in Lawrence County says the following:
"The route followed Choate Creek Road along Choate Creek into Lawrence County. The old road is now broken up into remnants, parts of which include Bonee Road, Norton Road, and Gimlet Road. Gimlet Road then joins Highway 64 entering Lawrenceburg...The route again diverged from Highway 64 in Lawrenceburg, following the road through the square then crossing Shoal Creek. From here the old route does not appear to deviate from the current course of Highway 64 into Wayne County."
According to Tennessee House Joint Resolution 980, signed by Governor Haslam in 2016, the stretch of the original Trail of Tears in Lawrence County is "the longest segment of the Trail of Tears on public property."