04/07/2025
Today is 705 years since the sealing of the Declaration of Arbroath. That was a letter from the Barons of Scotland to the Pope, setting out all the reasons that Scotland should stay Scotland and Edward II of England should back off and be happy with what he already had.
It's thought to have been written by Bernard of Linton, the Abbot of Arbroath, and has become known as one of the defining moments in Scottish History.
As well as declaring all the reasons Scotland should remain independent and outlining all of the atrocities committed against them, the letter explains why Robert the Bruce is considered their rightful King instead of his predecessor John Balliol who was still alive and well.
It's the very fact that Robert stood up for his country when it needed him and claims that if he ever acted differently, then the community of Scotland would depose him in the same way they considered Balliol unfit to rule.
The most iconic quote translates as, "As long as a hundred of us remain alive, never will we on any conditions be subjected to English rule. It is in truth not for glory, nor riches, nor honours that we are fighting, but for freedom alone, which no honest man gives up but with life itself"
However, one of the most interesting parts to me comes near the end, somewhere between bribery and blackmail, which also seems like a massive gamble. The letter explains how much the Scots wanted to go on Crusade to fight for the Church, but couldn't because they were tied up fighting their neighbours.
Not only that, but if the Pope didn't act, any further deaths that could have been avoided would surely be laid at his door by God. A bold move, but it worked and suddenly the Pope was referring to Robert as King and encouraging Edward to make peace.
That wouldn't actually happen until 1328, but without the Declaration of Arbroath laying the foundations, maybe it wouldn't have happened at all!