25/04/2022
Physiological factors of aging and falls.
The ageing process causes a series of changes in the body that reflects directly on the daily lives of individuals. These changes can directly interfere with the body functionality and the emotional and social state..
One of the factors we can highlight is hormonal changes, such as the decrease in hormone secretion from the endocrine glands. A change in body composition can also be noted, with a decrease in bone mass which can lead to osteoporosis, increasing the risk of fractures. It can also cause a decrease in lean mass (muscles), resulting in loss of strength, power and flexibility (stiffness)..
There is also a loss in the postural control system and a decrease in the speed of transmission of the nervous impulse by the afferent and efferent pathways. In addition to that, a longer time for processing information and taking action causes the elder’s overall reaction time to decrease considerably. Problems with visual acuity and possible chronic diseases may greatly increase the chance of falls in the elderly. But the good news is that exercise can ease most of these processes and greatly reduce the chance of a fall. The more active the person, the more likely he or she will avoid a future fall or even be able to respond quickly to an unexpected event..
Tomorrow we're going to talk about the exercises that can be done to prevent falls in the seniors.
References: JUNIOR, Paulo Freitas and BARELA, José A.. Changes in Elderly Postural Control System Functioning: Use of Visual Information. Rev. Port. science exp. [online]. 2006, vol.6, n.1 [cited 2020-09-15], pp.94-105. Available at: . ISSN 1645-0523.
MESSIAS, Manuela Gomes e NEVES², Robson da Fonseca. The influence of domestic behavioral and environmental factors on falls in the elderly. Rev. bras geriatric gerontol. [online]. 2009, vol.12, n.2 [cited 2020-09-15], pp.275-282. Available from: . ISSN 1981-2256. https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-9823.2009.120210.