07/08/2026
棘上肌的功能十分重要,因為任何涉及抬高手臂的動作都會啟動此肌肉。其長度—張力曲線顯示,在抬高約 30 度時可產生最大的作用力。超過此角度後,肱骨大結節會增加其力臂。由於棘上肌自上方環繞肱骨頭,且其肌纖維直接朝向關節盂排列,因此對穩定盂肱關節相當重要。
在選擇性阻斷腋神經進行測試時,棘上肌與其他輔助肌-包括棘下肌、肩胛下肌及肱二頭肌——對肩胛平面抬高及前抬動作所產生的扭矩,其貢獻與三角肌相當。在完成相同動作時,棘上肌的肌肉位移幅度約為三角肌的三分之二,這表示棘上肌具有較短的力臂。
當棘上肌失能時,變得三角肌做太多事,增加肩關節剪力!
練肩不忘練棘上肌!
The function of the supraspinatus is extremely important because this muscle is activated during any movement that involves elevating the arm. Its length–tension curve indicates that it generates maximal force at approximately 30 degrees of elevation. Beyond this angle, the greater tuberosity increases its moment arm. Because the supraspinatus wraps around the humeral head superiorly and its muscle fibers are oriented directly toward the glenoid, it plays an important role in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint.
In tests involving selective axillary nerve block, the supraspinatus and other assisting muscles—including the infraspinatus, subscapularis, and biceps brachii—contribute torque to scapular-plane elevation and forward elevation to an extent comparable to that of the deltoid. When performing the same movements, the excursion of the supraspinatus is approximately two-thirds that of the deltoid, indicating that the supraspinatus has a shorter moment arm.
When the supraspinatus is dysfunctional, the deltoid has to do too much work, increasing shear forces at the shoulder joint!
Don’t forget to train your supraspinatus when working out your shoulders!
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